Kev Nkag Siab Txog Kev Siv Tshuab Ua Carbon Activated
Kev tsim cov pa roj carbon activated yog ib qho txheej txheem ua tiav uas hloov cov khoom noj organic mus ua cov khoom nqus dej uas muaj qhov nqus dej ntau, qhov twg txhua qhov kev ua haujlwm cuam tshuam ncaj qha rau cov khoom siv adsorption efficiency thiab kev siv tau hauv kev lag luam. Cov thev naus laus zis no tau hloov pauv ntau heev los ua kom tau raws li ntau yam kev xav tau, txij li kev kho dej mus rau kev ntxuav huab cua, nrog rau kev tsim kho tshiab tas mus li tsom mus rau kev ruaj khov thiab kev ua haujlwm zoo tshaj plaws.
Kev Xaiv Khoom Siv Raw thiab Kev Ua Ntej: Lub Hauv Paus ntawm Kev ZooTxoj kev pib nrogkev xaiv cov khoom siv raw khoom zoo, raws li cov khoom noj khoom haus qhia txog cov yam ntxwv ntawm cov khoom kawg. Cov plhaub txiv maj phaub tseem yog qhov kev xaiv zoo tshaj plaws vim lawv cov pa roj carbon ntau (ntau dua 75%), cov tshauv tsawg (tsawg dua 3%), thiab cov qauv fiber ntuj, uas ua rau muaj qhov pore tsim - ua rau lawv zoo tagnrho rau cov ntawv thov siab xws li kev tshem tawm cov tshuaj lom neeg. Cov thee, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog bituminous thiab anthracite ntau yam, yog qhov nyiam rau kev tsim khoom lag luam loj vim nws cov khoom ruaj khov thiab kev siv nyiaj tsim nyog, thaum cov khoom noj khoom haus ntoo (piv txwv li, ntoo thuv, ntoo qhib) yog qhov nyiam rau kev lag luam eco-phooj ywg vim lawv qhov xwm txheej rov ua dua tshiab. Tom qab xaiv, kev ua tiav ua ntej yog qhov tseem ceeb: cov khoom siv raw raug tsoo rau hauv 2-5 hli me me kom ntseeg tau tias muaj kev faib cua sov sib npaug, tom qab ntawd ziab hauv qhov cub rotary ntawm 120-150 ° C kom txo cov dej noo hauv qab 10%. Cov kauj ruam no txo kev siv hluav taws xob thaum lub sijhawm ua kom sov tom qab thiab tiv thaiv kev ua kom tsis sib xws.
Cov Txheej Txheem Tseem Ceeb: Carbonization thiab Activation
Kev ua kom carbonizationyog thawj kauj ruam hloov pauv, ua nyob rau hauv cov cub tawg uas tsis muaj oxygen lossis cov retorts ntsug ntawm 400–600 ° C. Ntawm no, cov khoom volatile (piv txwv li, dej, tar, thiab cov organic acids) raug tsav tawm, suav rau 50–70% poob phaus, thaum lub cev pob txha carbon khov kho tau tsim. Txawm li cas los xij, lub cev pob txha no muaj qhov porosity tsawg kawg nkaus - feem ntau tsawg dua 100 m² / g - xav taukev ua kom muaj zogkom qhib tau lub peev xwm nqus tau ntawm cov khoom.
Muaj ob txoj kev ua kom muaj zog tseem ceeb siv hauv kev lag luam.Kev ua kom lub cev ua haujlwm(lossis kev ua kom roj ua haujlwm) cuam tshuam nrog kev kho cov khoom siv carbonized nrog cov pa roj oxidizing (pas dej, CO₂, lossis huab cua) ntawm 800–1000 ° C. Cov pa roj cuam tshuam nrog qhov chaw carbon, etching micro-pores (≤2nm) thiab meso-pores (2–50nm) uas tsim thaj chaw saum npoo tshaj 1,500 m² / g. Txoj kev no yog qhov nyiam rau cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab cov tshuaj activated carbon vim nws tsis muaj tshuaj lom neeg.Kev ua kom muaj tshuaj lom neeg, los ntawm qhov sib piv, sib tov cov khoom siv raw nrog cov neeg sawv cev dehydrating (ZnCl₂, H₃PO₄, lossis KOH) ua ntej carbonization. Cov tshuaj txo qhov kub ua kom sov mus rau 400–600 ° C thiab txhawb kev faib tawm qhov loj me sib xws, ua rau nws haum rau cov ntawv thov tshwj xeeb xws li VOC adsorption. Txawm li cas los xij, txoj kev no yuav tsum tau ntxuav nrog dej lossis kua qaub kom tshem tawm cov tshuaj seem, ntxiv qhov nyuaj rau cov txheej txheem.
Kev Kho Mob Tom Qab thiab Kev Tsim Kho Tshiab Uas Ruaj Khov
Tom qab ua haujlwm lawm, cov khoom no yuav raug tsoo, lim (kom ua tiav qhov loj me ntawm 0.5 hli txog 5 hli), thiab ziab kom ua tau raws li cov qauv kev lag luam. Cov kab ntau lawm niaj hnub no tab tom koom ua ke cov kev ntsuas kev ruaj khov: cov cua sov pov tseg los ntawm cov cub tawg carbonization raug rov ua dua tshiab rau cov tshuab ziab, thaum cov khoom siv tshuaj lom neeg ua haujlwm (piv txwv li, cov kua qaub diluted) raug neutralized thiab rov siv dua. Tsis tas li ntawd, kev tshawb fawb txog cov khoom siv biomass - xws li cov khib nyiab ua liaj ua teb (cov tawv mov, cov hnab qab zib) - tab tom txo kev siv cov thee uas tsis rov ua dua tshiab thiab txhim kho cov thev naus laus zis qhov chaw ib puag ncig.
Hauv kev xaus lus, cov thev naus laus zis tsim cov pa roj carbon activated sib npaug kev tsim kho qhov tseeb nrog kev hloov pauv tau, ua rau nws ua lub luag haujlwm tseem ceeb hauv kev tiv thaiv ib puag ncig thiab cov txheej txheem kev lag luam. Thaum qhov kev thov rau dej huv thiab huab cua loj hlob, kev nce qib hauv kev sib txawv ntawm cov khoom noj khoom haus thiab kev tsim khoom ntsuab yuav ua rau nws tseem ceeb dua.
Peb yog cov neeg muag khoom tseem ceeb hauv Suav teb, rau tus nqi lossis ntau cov ntaub ntawv txais tos hu rau peb ntawm:
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